Similar to most power reactors, the majority of research reactors operate with enriched uranium. Their fuel cycle involves the fabrication of fuel; its use in the reactor; the temporary storage, ...

And if that wasn't enough to give a nuclear engineer a haunted look, there's the problem of fabricating the fuel for the reactor. You can't use metallic uranium like in conventional fuel rods.

Studies of workers exposed to uranium in the nuclear fuel cycle have also been carried out ... With time, chemical weathering will cause the metallic DU of penetrators in the ground to corrode and ...

As an improvisation, by using thorium irradiated along with HALEU in the PHWRs at scale, the spent fuel produced can then be ...

effectively closing the nuclear fuel cycle. From the beginning the Superphénix faced strong political resistance by anti-nuclear groups, with the closure of this prototype reactor in 1998 ...