Compared to viruses, bacteria are larger and have a more sophisticated structure that includes a cytoplasm, membrane, cell wall, and genetic material. Because they reproduce via binary fission ...

"All bacteria have double-stranded DNA, but viruses have different kinds of structure — there are DNA genomes, RNA genomes, ...

Viruses that attack bacteria, termed "phages" (short for bacteriophage ... Many phages have a stereotypical structure: a large "head" that contains their genetic material, perched on top of ...

making the bacteria more robust against previously encountered mutant viruses.” To determine exactly how cyclic tetra-adenylate binds to the transcriptional factor to regulate it, Parashar’s team ...